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Anglo-frisian Information

The Anglo-Frisian languages (sometimes Insular Germanic) are a group of Ingvaeonic West Germanic languages consisting of Old English, Old Frisian, and their descendants. The Anglo-Frisian family tree is:

The Anglo-Frisian languages are distinguished from other West Germanic languages partially by the Ingvaeonic nasal spirant law, Anglo-Frisian brightening and by the palatalization of Proto-Germanic *k to a coronal affricate before front vowels: cf. English cheese and West Frisian tsiis to Dutch kaas and German Käse, or English church and West Frisian tsjerke to Dutch kerk and German Kirche. Early Anglo-Frisian formed a Sprachbund with Old Saxon, which is counted among the Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages.

The German linguist Friedrich Maurer rejected Anglo-Frisian as a historical subdivision of the Germanic languages. Instead, he proposed North Sea Germanic or Ingvaeonic, a common ancestor of Old Frisian, Old English and Old Saxon.

Examples

Compare the words for the numbers one to ten in the Anglo-Frisian languages.

Language 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
English one two three four five six seven eight nine ten
Scots ane ae* twa three fower five sax seiven aicht nine ten
Yola oane twye dhree vowér veeve zeese zebbem ayght neene dhen
West Frisian ien twa trije fjouwer fiif seis sân acht njoggen tsien
Saterland Frisian (Seeltersk) aan twäi twäin twoo träi fjauwer fieuw säks soogen oachte njugen tjoon
North Frisian (Mooring dialect) iinj ån tou tuu trii tra fjouer fiiw seeks soowen oocht nüügen tiin

References

  1. ^ Grant, William; Dixon, James Main (1921) Manual of Modern Scots. Cambridge, University Press. p.105
· · Modern Germanic languages
North Germanic
West Scandinavian FaroeseIcelandicNorwegian (Nynorsk)
East Scandinavian DanishNorwegian (Bokmål) • Swedish
West Germanic
Anglo-Frisian EnglishNorth FrisianSaterland FrisianScotsWest Frisian
Low Franconian AfrikaansDutchWest FlemishLimburgishZeelandic
Low German/ Dutch Low Saxon AchterhooksDrèentsEast Frisian Low SaxonGroningsLow GermanPlautdietschSallaansStellingwarfsTweantsVeluwsWestphalian
High German
Central German Barossa GermanGermanKölschLuxembourgishPalatinate GermanPennsylvania GermanRiograndenser HunsrückischSilesian GermanUpper SaxonVilamovian
Upper German Alemán ColonieroAustro-BavarianMain-FranconianCimbrianHutterite GermanMóchenoSwabianSwiss GermanWalser
Yiddish Yiddish

Categories: Anglo-Frisian languages | West Germanic languages

 

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